Initials Printing Program in Java and Python

Question:

Algorithm:

Explanation:

The program uses the fact that the first letter of every word comes immediately after a blank space. To make this logic work for the first word also, one blank space is added at the beginning of the input sentence.

The sentence is converted to uppercase before scanning, so all initials are printed as capital letters even if the user enters lowercase or mixed-case words.

The loop reads the sentence character by character using charAt(i). Whenever the current character is a blank space, the next character charAt(i + 1) is the first letter of a word.

The program prints that next character followed by a full stop. This produces output such as J.F.S.S. without needing to store the individual words separately.

The logic depends on identifying word boundaries rather than simply printing fixed positions. A name or sentence may contain words of different lengths, so the program must detect where each word begins. Usually the first character is printed directly, and then any character that follows a blank space becomes the initial of the next word. Converting to uppercase before processing ensures the initials appear in a uniform form. This makes the solution a useful exercise in scanning strings character by character and understanding how spaces separate words.

Java Program:

/**
* The class Initials takes a sentence/name as input and prints its initials.
* @author : www.guideforschool.com
* @Program Type : BlueJ Program - Java
*/

import java.util.Scanner;

class Initials
{
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.print("Enter any sentence: ");
        String s = sc.nextLine();

        // Add a blank space before the sentence so the first word is also detected.
        s = " " + s;

        // Convert to uppercase so all initials are printed as capital letters.
        s = s.toUpperCase();

        int l = s.length();

        System.out.print("Output = ");

        for(int i = 0; i < l - 1; i++)
        {
            char x = s.charAt(i);

            // The first letter of a word is found immediately after a blank space.
            if(x == ' ')
            {
                System.out.print(s.charAt(i + 1) + ".");
            }
        }
    }
}

Equivalent Python Program:

s = input("Enter any sentence: ")

# Convert to uppercase so every initial is printed as a capital letter.
s = s.upper()
words = s.split()

# Print initials on the same output line.
print("Output: ", end="")

# Each word contributes its first character to the initials.
for i in range(len(words)):
    print(words[i][0] + ".", end="")

Output: